Moat (Economic Moat) - Examples

Real-World Examples

1. Intangible Assets

Brand, patents, regulatory licenses, or reputation that competitors cannot easily replicate.

Company	Moat Type	Example
coca-cola	Brand	$70B brand value
apple	Brand + Ecosystem	iOS lock-in
pharmaceutical companies	Patents	20-year exclusivity

2. Cost Advantage

Companies that can produce or deliver goods at lower cost than competitors.

• BNSF Railway — Rail is 3x

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